Process and device for reproducing goffered films



April 18, 1933. R. BERTH ON 1,904,672

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR REPRODUCING GOFFERED FILMS Filed June 21, 1929 Fig.2

7Z0 layle fiefl 074/ Patented Apr. 118, 1933 i UNITED S/TATES PATENT OFFICE RODOLPHE BERTHON, F NEUILLY, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR, BY MFSNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO KISLYN CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR REPRODUCING GOFFERED FILMS Application filed June 21, 1929, Serial No. 872,718, and in Trance April 17, 1929,

This invention relates to a novel and improved method and apparatus by means of which may be reproduced images from a film of the so-called goilrated type. By the expression goiirated, I refer to a type out film known in the art which comprises a suitable base having thereon an emulsion sensitive to all colors, commonly known as panchromatic emulsion,- and the opposite side of the film in support beingembossed with gofirated lenticular elements of microscopic dimension, More particularly, the film used in the practice of the present invention preferably has such lenticular elements in the form of cylinlo ders extending longitudinally of the film.

Up to the present time it has been known that a film oi the gofirated type may be used for the recording of pictures and for the projection thereof, but so far as l lrnow it as has not been possible to properly reproduce images or pictures, or in other words to transfer such images or pictures from one film to another, without the formation oi. an objectionable moire efi ect. ltd

' by the coincidence and non-coincidence of the lenticular elements on the two films, one of which is the original film containing the images which it is desired to transfer to or to reproduce on a second film. Theoretically,

this moire efiect could be overcome by exactly registering the lenticular elements on one film with those on the other, hut this is commercially impracticahle because of the as microscopic character of the elements and the variable character of the support on which these elements are formed,

According to my present invention, the formation of this moire efiect is ohviated lay a to novel method and apparatus, a selected emhodiment oi the apparatus and a selected eitample of the method being illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure l is a fragmentary face view of the two films appearing in Fig. 2;

The moire effect referred to above is caused Figure 2 is a side View showing diagrammatically one form of apparatus with which the. invention may be practiced.

Figure 1 shows the two films A andB crossing one another at a much exaggerated angle. Aperture 0 (dotted) illuminates the crossing point of the film axes. I A highly enlarged cylindrical lenticular element is figured in full lines on film A; a similar element ,to same scale is figured in dotted lines on film B. The height of aperture 0 is such that the two elements, spaced by their width at'top of said aperture, coincide at the bottom thereof. Arrows indicate the direction in which the films are moving.

Film A passes over toothed rollers 42 and a; film B passes over toothed rollers 79 and h; the four rollers will rotate at the same speed it provided with the same number of teeth, thereby moving the two films past the aperture 0 at the same speed. plate D wherethrough the aperture 0 is made masks the set. Lastly, a lamp E illuminates window c with or without a condenser F.

In operation the film A is moved past the we aperture 0 at a continuous and uniform rate of speed. While the film is shown as being spaced from the plate in which the aperture is formed, it is of course to be understood that in actual practice this film is closely adjacent to the edges of this aperture to limit the exposure of the film to the size of the aperture. It is also to be understood that while the two films A and B are shown as spaced from each other, they are actually close together and preferably in contact, with the goilrations on the respective films adjacent each other. The gotlrations may be in the form of lenses or other refringent elements, but for the sake of simplicity, I shall refer to them in the at claims as lenticular elements.

The film B is moved past the aperture at the same rate of speed as is the film A, but the rollers or sprockets b, b are so disposed with relation to the rollers or sprocket a, a so elements on the respective films and the angle between the films, is such that during the passage of any given point on the film past the aperture, the two films will be displaced laterally one-with respect to the other a distance at least equal to the width of one-of the lenticular elements. Under some circumstances it is suificient if this lateral displacement is as great as one-half the width of one of the elements, but under any circumstances the displacement should be enough to take care of any errors of shrinkage or other inaccuracies. This displacement and the angular relation of the films causes a slight distortion of the copied image. In practice, however, the lenticular elements are usually of the order of 700 to the inch and the shift may be as much as two or three of these elements without noticeable distortion. The

angle between the film is also kept so small.

that any distortion caused thereby is not noticeable.

At the exposure aperture it will be seen that the edges of the two films coincide so that the image transferred from one film to the other is properly placed on the copied film. The height of the aperture 0 is determined by the amount of shift and the angle of the films with respect to each other, in the illustrated embodiment this being determined by dividing the shift, which is the width of one element, by the sine of the angle between the two films.

The result is that while any section of a lenticular element on the film A is passing the aperture 0, it will be shifted laterally of the aperture with respectto thefilm B, such a distancev that during the shifting each point on the lenticular element on one film will at some time coincide with all points on a corresponding element on the other film disposed in a line extending in the direction of the shift. That is, considering transverse sections of the two films, each section is made up of alternate hills and valleys and during the shift referred to above a given point in the section, say at the bottom of a valley, will at some time coincide with all points in a section ranging from the bottom of a valley to the top of a hill. This will prevent the formation of any set patent or design and, consequently, obviate the moir effect.

I wish it to be clearly understood that the above described embodiment is in no way limitative and that any desirable constructional modifications and/or alterations may be introduced without departing from the spirit nor from the scope of my invention.

Having now particularly ascertained and described the nature of my said invention as well as the manner in which the same is to be performed. I declare that what I claim is:

1. The method of photographic reproduction which consists in continuously moving an original film having longitudinally arranged lenticular elements thereon past an exposure aperture and transferring the imilarly arranged elements, by passing said copy film continuously past the same aperture at the same speed as the original, while continuously displacing the elements on the copy film with respect to those on the first film to an extent of the order of the Width of one of said elements.

2. The method of photographic reproduction which consists in continuously moving an original film having thereon lenticular elements disposed substantially parallel to the len th of the film past an exposure aperture an transferring the images on said film to a copy film having similarly arranged elements, by passing said copy film continuously past the same aperture at the same speed as the original, while continuously displacing the elements on the co y film with respect to those on the first film to an extent of the order of the width of one of said elements.

3. The method of photographic reproduction which consists in continuously moving an original film having lenticular elements thereon past an exposure aperture and transferring the images on said film to acopy film having similarly arranged elements, by passing said copy film continuously past the same aperture at the same speed as the original, while continuously displacing the elements on the copy film with respect to those on the first film to an extent of the order of the width of one of said elements.

4. The method of transferring an image from one film to the other, each of which films has on one side thereof a multiplicity of lenticular elements extending substantially parallel to the len h of the film which comprises continuous y moving said films together and with said lenticulated sides thereof facing each other and at the same speed past an exposure aperture, with the film containing the images adjacent the aperture and during the passage of the film past the aperture continuously displacing one film laterally with respect to the other a distance approximately the width of an element.

5. The method of transferring an image from one film to the other, each of which films has on one side thereof a multiplicity of lenticular elements extending substantially parallel to the length of the film which com-- ages on said film to a copy film having simprises continuously movin said films together and with said lenticu ated sides thereof facing each other and at the same speed past an exposure aperture, with the edges of the films substantially coincident at the aper-' ture and with the film containing the images adjacent the aperture and during the passage of the films past the aperture continuously displacing one film laterally with respect to the other a distance approximately the width of an element.

6. The method of transferring an image from one film to the other, each of which films has thereon a multiplicity of lenticular elements extending lengthwise of the film which comprises continuously moving said films together at the same speed past an exposure aperture of small height with the film containing the images adjacent the aperture and with the longitudinal axes of the two films forming an angle with each other such that during movement of the films aperture one element is displaced ate'rally relatively to the other a distance on the order of the width of one of said elements.

7. The method of transferring an image from one film to the other, each of which films has on one side thereof a multiplicity of lenticular elements extending lengthwise of the film which comprises continuously moving said films together and with said lenticulated sides thereof facing each other and at the same speed past an exposure aperture, with the film containing the images adjacent the aperture and with the longitudinal axes of the two films forming a slight angle with each other, said angle bearing-such a relation to the height of said aperture and the width of said elements that during movement of the films past the aperture one film is displaced laterally relatively to the other a distance equal to approximately the width of an element.

8. In a device of the class described having an exposure aperture of small height, means for passing an original film past said aperture, said film having lenticular elements thereon extending longitudinally of the film and substantially parallel to its length, and means for passing a second film past said aperture at a slight angle to said first-named film on the other side of said first-named film from said aperture, said second film having thereon longitudinally arranged lenticular elements substantially parallel to the length of the second film and the angle between said two films being of such an order that during movement of the films st the aperture one film is displaced latera 1y relatively to the other a distance approximately the width of one of said lenticular elements,

9. The method of transferring an image from one film to the other, each of which films has thereon a multiplicity of lenticular elements extending lengthwise of the film which ast the r comprises continuously moving said films together at the same speed past an exposure 

